Chicago workers & man who set bomb were immigrants, led to anti-immigrant feelings. Bomb exploded, killing/injuring many police. Police fired into crowd, workers met & rallied in Haymarket Sq to protest police brutality. The worst railroad violence was in Pittsburgh, with over 40 people killed by militia men.ġ00,000 workers rioted in Chicago. After a month of strikes, President Hayes sent troops to stop the rioting. July, 1877 - A large number of railroad workers went on strike because of wage cuts. Excluded Chinese and blacks.īegan in 1886 with about 140,000 members by 1917 it had 2.5 million members. Union lasted six years and attracted the impressive total of some 600,000 members, including the skilled, unskilled, and farmers. Represented a giant bootstride by workers. The National Labor Union, organized in 1866, The Act was actually initially used to stop labor unions/combinations that "restrained trade". Often times, Railroads would make up profit differences (from discounts they offered to powerful businesses who offered continuous traffic) by charging more for short hauls than long hauls (which made farmers and common folk angry).īecame law in 1890, forbade all forms of trusts (both "good" and "bad"), was full of loopholes and was rather ineffective until about the 1910's. It prohibited rebates and pools and required the railroads to publish their rates openly.Also forbade discrimination against shippers and outlawed charging more for a short haul than for a long one over the same line, ICC Occurred in 1877, and led to the decision by the Supreme Court which ruled that States had the right to regulate certain businesses within their borders, including railroads. Their plan failed when the government did release more gold, though. Armour pioneered the shipping of hogs to Chicago for slaughter, canning, and exporting of meat.Ī technique used commonly by railroad companies in which said companies would falsely boost up the actual value of pieces of their railroads, and sell stocks and bonds to people for more than it's actual value.Ĭonvinced President Grant to get the U.S Treasury to stop releasing gold so they could get it's value through the roof. 1800s Swift enlarged fresh meat markets through branch slaughterhouses & refrigeration. In the 1890's depression, Morgan placed many of his own officers as board members of rival companies. He even provided gold for the U.S treasury. Was the King of the banks, he financed the railroads, insurance companies, and even other banks. It became the first billion dollar business in America. Started the move from iron to steel, specifically Carnegie's.įounded in 1901 after J.P Morgan bought out Carnegie Steel (for $400 million) when Carnegie threatened to take over Morgan's new steel pipe business. Named after a British inventor and American William Kelly, who used the technique with little success. Was a new way to produce cheaper steel in greater magnitude. Was against monopolistic ways like Rockefeller.ĭiscovered in the 1850's. He was a Scotsman, became king of steel manufacturing. All steps in manufacturing is completed by the same company No middle man who melts down the steel or mines the metal-only Carnegie men.īegan Carnegie Steel Company in Pittsburgh. "Vertical Integration"-Used by Carnegie Steel. Using "Horizontal Integration", he nearly completely monopolized the petroleum oil market. Rockefeller and Standard Oil Companyįounded in 1870 by John D. The "Roosevelt Corollary" told Europe to back off, and that the U.S would intervene next time Latin America was targeted. Germany sank two Venezuelan boats, and Teddy got ticked. In 1903 Venezuela had debts to Germany, they didn't pay. Would often pay off any congressmen, including Grants own V.P. They got $73 million dollars of pay for only $50 million dollars worth of work. Workers within the Union Pacific Railroad started up the Credit Mobilier in order to get more profit. Goal was to connect to the Central Pacific Rails. "Credit Mobilier" Scandal occurred within the Company. In 1900 a superpatriotic group known as the “Boxers” broke loose with the cry, “Kill Foreign Devils.” Over two hundred missionaries/whites killed. Patriotic Chinese did not care to be used as a doormat by the Europeans. Pool- When several companies get together and divide profit amongst eachother. Trust- Several Companies working together for a better profit (Rockefeller).
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